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Market-neutral small-business guide

How to Test a Price-Volume Trade-off

Compare price and unit contribution on the same period basis without pretending the calculation predicts customer demand.

Use one comparable baseline

  1. Set the baseline price, unit cost, volume and period.
  2. Calculate baseline unit and total contribution.
  3. Enter the proposed price and recalculate unit contribution on the same cost boundary.
  4. Divide baseline total contribution by proposed unit contribution and round upward.
  5. Challenge the result with demand, capacity, mix and step-cost constraints.

required proposed units = ceil(baseline unit contribution × baseline units / proposed unit contribution)

baseline unit contribution
Baseline price less baseline variable unit cost (currency per unit) — calculated from user inputs
baseline units
Comparable units in the baseline period (whole units) — business record or assumption
proposed unit contribution
Proposed price less variable unit cost for the proposed scenario (currency per unit) — calculated from user inputs

Worked example: a higher price and lower threshold

Same product, cost boundary and period
MeasureBaselineProposed
Price100110
Variable unit cost6060
Unit contribution4050
Units to preserve 4,000 contribution10080

Check the constraints around the arithmetic

  • Baseline and proposed figures use the same period and units. (not complete)
  • Variable cost changes caused by the new price or volume are reflected. (not complete)
  • Step costs and capacity limits are modelled separately. (not complete)
  • Product substitution and mix effects are not hidden. (not complete)
  • The result is labelled a threshold, not a forecast. (not complete)

Methodology used

Related tools

Change history

  1. Initial public release of the article after pre-launch factual, editorial, source and presentation review.