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Methodology

Overtime vs Hire Comparison methodology

Compare overtime and hire cost, capacity limits and the embedded overtime-cost contribution module.

Educational only: Business decision support, not accounting, tax or legal advice.

Privacy: Calculations run locally; Margin101 does not receive your commercial inputs.

Update policy: Reviewed when formulas or official dependencies change.

Scope: Market-neutral small-business planning using your own assumptions.

1. Formulas and units

Overtime scenario cost
overtimeCostExTax = required additional hours ร— overtime cost per hour

Where

requiredAdditionalHours
Required additional hours (hours or hours per person)Source: User decision
overtimeCostPerHourExTax
Overtime cost per hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: Business record
overtimeCostExTax
Overtime scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
moduleOvertimeHours
Overtime hours (hours)Source: Business record
Hire scenario cost
hireCostExTax = whole hires required ร— (fixed cost per hire + available productive hours per hire ร— hire cost per productive hour)

Where

hireFixedCostExTax
Fixed cost per hire (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: Business record
hireCostPerProductiveHourExTax
Hire cost per productive hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: User assumption
hireAvailableProductiveHours
Hire available productive hours (hours or hours per person)Source: User decision
hireCostExTax
Hire scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
requiredHireCount
Whole hires required (units)Source: Calculated output
Whole hires required
requiredHireCount = ceil(required additional hours รท hire available productive hours)

Where

requiredAdditionalHours
Required additional hours (hours or hours per person)Source: User decision
hireAvailableProductiveHours
Hire available productive hours (hours or hours per person)Source: User decision
requiredHireCount
Whole hires required (units)Source: Calculated output
Lower-cost state
lowerCostOption = compare raw scenario costs

Where

lowerCostOption
Lower-cost state (state)Source: Calculated output
Crossover hours
crossoverHours = ceil(whole-hire cash cost รท overtime hourly cost), when reachable within one hire capacity

Where

overtimeCostExTax
Overtime scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
hireCostExTax
Hire scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
crossoverHours
Crossover hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
moduleOvertimeHours
Overtime hours (hours)Source: Business record
Module regular labour cost
regularLabourCostExTax = moduleRegularHours ร— moduleBaseHourlyRateExTax ร— (1 + moduleEmployerOnCostRate)

Where

moduleRegularHours
Regular hours (hours)Source: Business record
moduleBaseHourlyRateExTax
Base hourly rate (currency units per hour)Source: Business record
moduleEmployerOnCostRate
Employer on-cost rate (decimal rate)Source: User assumption
regularLabourCostExTax
Module regular labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
totalLabourCostExTax
Module total labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
Module overtime labour cost
overtimeLabourCostExTax = moduleOvertimeHours ร— moduleBaseHourlyRateExTax ร— moduleOvertimeMultiplier ร— (1 + moduleEmployerOnCostRate)

Where

overtimeCostExTax
Overtime scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
moduleOvertimeHours
Overtime hours (hours)Source: Business record
moduleBaseHourlyRateExTax
Base hourly rate (currency units per hour)Source: Business record
moduleOvertimeMultiplier
Overtime multiplier (decimal multiplier)Source: User assumption
moduleEmployerOnCostRate
Employer on-cost rate (decimal rate)Source: User assumption
overtimeLabourCostExTax
Module overtime labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
totalLabourCostExTax
Module total labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
Module total labour cost
totalLabourCostExTax = regularLabourCostExTax + overtimeLabourCostExTax

Where

overtimeCostExTax
Overtime scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
regularLabourCostExTax
Module regular labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
overtimeLabourCostExTax
Module overtime labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
totalLabourCostExTax
Module total labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
Module overtime contribution
overtimeContributionExTax = moduleOvertimeHours ร— moduleContributionPerDeliveredHourExTax โˆ’ overtimeLabourCostExTax

Where

overtimeCostPerHourExTax
Overtime cost per hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: Business record
overtimeCostExTax
Overtime scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
moduleOvertimeHours
Overtime hours (hours)Source: Business record
moduleContributionPerDeliveredHourExTax
Contribution per delivered hour (currency units per hour)Source: User assumption
overtimeLabourCostExTax
Module overtime labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
totalLabourCostExTax
Module total labour cost (currency units)Source: Calculated output
overtimeContributionExTax
Module overtime contribution (currency units)Source: Calculated output
Module break-even contribution per overtime hour
breakEvenContributionPerOvertimeHourExTax = moduleBaseHourlyRateExTax ร— moduleOvertimeMultiplier ร— (1 + moduleEmployerOnCostRate)

Where

overtimeCostPerHourExTax
Overtime cost per hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: Business record
overtimeCostExTax
Overtime scenario cost (money)Source: Calculated output
moduleBaseHourlyRateExTax
Base hourly rate (currency units per hour)Source: Business record
moduleOvertimeMultiplier
Overtime multiplier (decimal multiplier)Source: User assumption
moduleEmployerOnCostRate
Employer on-cost rate (decimal rate)Source: User assumption
overtimeContributionExTax
Module overtime contribution (currency units)Source: Calculated output
breakEvenContributionPerOvertimeHourExTax
Module break-even contribution per overtime hour (currency units)Source: Calculated output

Money inputs and outputs use the currency selected in the scenario without changing the canonical methodology. Rates, margins, utilisation and buffers are entered as percentages and converted to decimal values for calculation.

2. Worked example

Input assumptions

Worked values below come from the same exact engine and visible default assumptions.

Required additional hours
500 productive hours/decision period
Overtime cost per hour
90 currency units/overtime hour, ex tax
Fixed cost per hire
10,000 currency units/hire, ex tax
Hire cost per productive hour
60 currency units/productive hour, ex tax
Hire available productive hours
1,000 productive hours/hire/decision period

Calculation and outputs

  1. Overtime scenario cost

    overtimeCostExTax = required additional hours ร— overtime cost per hour
    Required additional hours
    500 productive hours/decision period
    Overtime cost per hour
    90 currency units/overtime hour, ex tax
    Fixed cost per hire
    10,000 currency units/hire, ex tax
    Hire cost per productive hour
    60 currency units/productive hour, ex tax
    Hire available productive hours
    1,000 productive hours/hire/decision period
    Hire scenario cost
    70,000 money
    Whole hires required
    1 units
    Lower-cost state
    overtime state
    Crossover hours
    778 hours

    Engine result: 45,000 money

  2. Hire scenario cost

    hireCostExTax = whole hires required ร— (fixed cost per hire + available productive hours per hire ร— hire cost per productive hour)
    Required additional hours
    500 productive hours/decision period
    Overtime cost per hour
    90 currency units/overtime hour, ex tax
    Fixed cost per hire
    10,000 currency units/hire, ex tax
    Hire cost per productive hour
    60 currency units/productive hour, ex tax
    Hire available productive hours
    1,000 productive hours/hire/decision period
    Overtime scenario cost
    45,000 money
    Whole hires required
    1 units
    Lower-cost state
    overtime state
    Crossover hours
    778 hours

    Engine result: 70,000 money

  3. Whole hires required

    requiredHireCount = ceil(required additional hours รท hire available productive hours)
    Required additional hours
    500 productive hours/decision period
    Fixed cost per hire
    10,000 currency units/hire, ex tax
    Hire cost per productive hour
    60 currency units/productive hour, ex tax
    Hire available productive hours
    1,000 productive hours/hire/decision period
    Hire scenario cost
    70,000 money
    Crossover hours
    778 hours

    Engine result: 1 units

  4. Lower-cost state

    lowerCostOption = compare raw scenario costs
    Overtime scenario cost
    45,000 money
    Hire scenario cost
    70,000 money

    Engine result: overtime state

  5. Crossover hours

    crossoverHours = ceil(whole-hire cash cost รท overtime hourly cost), when reachable within one hire capacity
    Overtime cost per hour
    90 currency units/overtime hour, ex tax
    Fixed cost per hire
    10,000 currency units/hire, ex tax
    Hire cost per productive hour
    60 currency units/productive hour, ex tax
    Hire available productive hours
    1,000 productive hours/hire/decision period
    Overtime scenario cost
    45,000 money
    Hire scenario cost
    70,000 money
    Whole hires required
    1 units
    Lower-cost state
    overtime state

    Engine result: 778 hours

Example

Worked values below come from the same exact engine and visible default assumptions.

Overtime scenario cost
45,000.00 currency units
Hire scenario cost
70,000.00 currency units
Whole hires required
1
Lower-cost state
overtime
Crossover hours
778 hours
Module regular labour cost
2,000.00 currency units
Module overtime labour cost
750.00 currency units
Module total labour cost
2,750.00 currency units
Module overtime contribution
250.00 currency units
Module break-even contribution per overtime hour
75.00 currency units

The exact engine-derived outputs are shown in the labelled rows below.

Interpretation

Use the lower-cost state only when the hire scenario has enough productive capacity and the pay assumptions are confirmed.

3. Validation and boundary checks

  • Required headcount is ceil(required additional hours รท productive hours per hire), so demand above one hire capacity advances to the next whole-hire cost step.
  • Each required hire carries the full entered productive-hours capacity and its full fixed-plus-productive-hour cost.
  • The displayed crossover is the first whole hour within one hire capacity where overtime reaches the cost of one whole hire; it is not a smooth multi-hire crossover curve.
  • The overtime module requires a multiplier of at least one and an on-cost rate between 0% and 100%.
  • Main comparison and module outputs use separate editable assumptions and exact engine calls.
Required additional hours minimum
requiredAdditionalHours โ‰ฅ 0 productive hours/decision period โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Required additional hours maximum
requiredAdditionalHours โ‰ค 100,000,000 productive hours/decision period โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Overtime cost per hour minimum
overtimeCostPerHourExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/overtime hour, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Overtime cost per hour maximum
overtimeCostPerHourExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/overtime hour, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Fixed cost per hire minimum
hireFixedCostExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/hire, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Fixed cost per hire maximum
hireFixedCostExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/hire, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Hire cost per productive hour minimum
hireCostPerProductiveHourExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/productive hour, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Hire cost per productive hour maximum
hireCostPerProductiveHourExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/productive hour, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Hire available productive hours minimum
hireAvailableProductiveHours โ‰ฅ 0 productive hours/hire/decision period โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Hire available productive hours maximum
hireAvailableProductiveHours โ‰ค 100,000,000 productive hours/hire/decision period โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.

4. Assumptions and source classification

  • Overtime and hire scenarios cover the same required additional hours.
  • Hire available productive hours is capacity per hire, not a shared maximum across all hires.
  • Hire cost is a staircase: each additional whole hire adds one full block of entered productive capacity and cost.
  • The embedded module uses user-entered pay terms and contribution assumptions.
  • A comparison table is used; the later per-row authority explicitly approves no chart.

This comparison calculator has no current policy-data dependency. Its commercial assumptions are user supplied. Registered family-level regression suites exercise the shared business-logic engine and worked-result reconciliation.

5. Limitations

  • The result is a cost-and-capacity comparison, not a hiring recommendation or compliance assessment.
  • The crossover is limited to the first-hire interval. Beyond that interval, compare the engine-derived staircase costs at the entered demand rather than extrapolating a single linear crossing.
  • No statutory multiplier, employment classification or legal entitlement is calculated.

This is educational decision support, not tax, accounting, legal or financial advice. Check the treatment of your actual transactions under the rules that apply to your business and seek qualified advice where appropriate.

6. Update and evidence policy

Registered family-level suites test formula invariants and example reconciliation; the release ledger records that coverage without claiming a separate oracle for every line of public copy. There is no official threshold or benchmark to refresh for this comparison calculator. Commercial inputs remain user-supplied because they vary by business and contract.

Change history

  1. : Initial public release of the planner and methodology after pre-launch calculation, content, source and interaction review.

Guides to interpret the decision and its assumptions.

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