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Methodology

Table Turnover & Revenue Planner methodology

Test how tables, seats, service time, turns and occupied seat-turns translate into covers, revenue and contribution for one operating period.

Educational only: Business decision support, not accounting, tax or legal advice.

Privacy: Calculations run locally; Margin101 does not receive your commercial inputs.

Update policy: Reviewed when formulas or official dependencies change.

Scope: Market-neutral small-business planning using your own assumptions.

1. Formulas and units

Average turns per service
averageTurnsPerService = service minutes / average seating minutes

Where

serviceMinutes
Minutes per service (minutes/service)Source: Business record
averageSeatingMinutes
Average seating duration (minutes/seating)Source: User assumption
averageTurnsPerService
Average turns per service (turns)Source: Calculated output
Available seat-turn capacity
availableSeatTurns = tables ร— seats per table ร— service periods ร— average turns per service

Where

tableCount
Tables available (tables)Source: Business record
seatsPerTable
Average seats per table (seats/table)Source: Business record
servicePeriods
Service periods (services/period)Source: Business record
averageTurnsPerService
Average turns per service (turns)Source: Calculated output
availableSeatTurns
Available seat-turn capacity (units)Source: Calculated output
Planned covers
plannedCovers = available seat-turn capacity ร— planned occupancy rate

Where

occupancyRate
Planned occupied seat-turns (proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied)Source: User decision
availableSeatTurns
Available seat-turn capacity (units)Source: Calculated output
plannedCovers
Planned covers (units)Source: Calculated output
Planned revenue
plannedRevenueExTax = planned covers ร— average spend per guest

Where

averageSpendPerGuestExTax
Average spend per guest (currency units/guest, ex tax)Source: Business record
plannedCovers
Planned covers (units)Source: Calculated output
plannedRevenueExTax
Planned revenue (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
Contribution per guest
unitContributionExTax = average spend per guest โˆ’ variable cost per guest

Where

averageSpendPerGuestExTax
Average spend per guest (currency units/guest, ex tax)Source: Business record
variableCostPerGuestExTax
Variable cost per guest (currency units/guest, ex tax)Source: Business record
unitContributionExTax
Contribution per guest (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
Contribution before fixed cost
contributionBeforeFixedCostExTax = planned covers ร— contribution per guest

Where

plannedCovers
Planned covers (units)Source: Calculated output
unitContributionExTax
Contribution per guest (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
contributionBeforeFixedCostExTax
Contribution before fixed cost (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
Profit after fixed period cost
profitAfterFixedCostExTax = contribution before fixed cost โˆ’ fixed period cost

Where

fixedPeriodCostExTax
Fixed cost for the period (currency units/period, ex tax)Source: Business record
unitContributionExTax
Contribution per guest (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
contributionBeforeFixedCostExTax
Contribution before fixed cost (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
profitAfterFixedCostExTax
Profit after fixed period cost (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
Break-even occupied seat-turns
breakEvenOccupancyRate = fixed period cost / (available seat-turn capacity ร— contribution per guest)

Where

occupancyRate
Planned occupied seat-turns (proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied)Source: User decision
fixedPeriodCostExTax
Fixed cost for the period (currency units/period, ex tax)Source: Business record
availableSeatTurns
Available seat-turn capacity (units)Source: Calculated output
unitContributionExTax
Contribution per guest (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
breakEvenOccupancyRate
Break-even occupied seat-turns (decimal rate)Source: Calculated output
Break-even capacity status
breakEvenFeasible = break-even occupied seat-turns is no greater than available capacity

Where

availableSeatTurns
Available seat-turn capacity (units)Source: Calculated output
breakEvenOccupancyRate
Break-even occupied seat-turns (decimal rate)Source: Calculated output
breakEvenFeasible
Break-even capacity status (feasibility status)Source: Calculated output

Money inputs and outputs use the currency selected in the scenario without changing the canonical methodology. Rates, margins, utilisation and buffers are entered as percentages and converted to decimal values for calculation.

2. Worked example

Input assumptions

The labelled rows below are formatted directly from the exact engine using the visible default inputs.

Tables available
10 tables
Average seats per table
4 seats/table
Service periods
10 services/period
Minutes per service
180 minutes/service
Average seating duration
90 minutes/seating
Planned occupied seat-turns
0.75 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied
Average spend per guest
50 currency units/guest, ex tax
Variable cost per guest
20 currency units/guest, ex tax
Fixed cost for the period
5,000 currency units/period, ex tax

Calculation and outputs

  1. Average turns per service

    averageTurnsPerService = service minutes / average seating minutes
    Average seats per table
    4 seats/table
    Service periods
    10 services/period
    Minutes per service
    180 minutes/service
    Average seating duration
    90 minutes/seating
    Average spend per guest
    50 currency units/guest, ex tax

    Engine result: 2 turns

  2. Available seat-turn capacity

    availableSeatTurns = tables ร— seats per table ร— service periods ร— average turns per service
    Tables available
    10 tables
    Average seats per table
    4 seats/table
    Service periods
    10 services/period
    Minutes per service
    180 minutes/service
    Average seating duration
    90 minutes/seating
    Planned occupied seat-turns
    0.75 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied
    Average spend per guest
    50 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Average turns per service
    2 turns
    Break-even occupied seat-turns
    0.208333 percent

    Engine result: 800 units

  3. Planned covers

    plannedCovers = available seat-turn capacity ร— planned occupancy rate
    Tables available
    10 tables
    Planned occupied seat-turns
    0.75 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied
    Available seat-turn capacity
    800 units
    Planned revenue
    30,000 money
    Break-even occupied seat-turns
    0.208333 percent
    Break-even capacity status
    Yes status

    Engine result: 600 units

  4. Planned revenue

    plannedRevenueExTax = planned covers ร— average spend per guest
    Average seats per table
    4 seats/table
    Average seating duration
    90 minutes/seating
    Planned occupied seat-turns
    0.75 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied
    Average spend per guest
    50 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Variable cost per guest
    20 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Average turns per service
    2 turns
    Planned covers
    600 units
    Contribution per guest
    30 money

    Engine result: 30,000 money

  5. Contribution per guest

    unitContributionExTax = average spend per guest โˆ’ variable cost per guest
    Average seats per table
    4 seats/table
    Average seating duration
    90 minutes/seating
    Average spend per guest
    50 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Variable cost per guest
    20 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Fixed cost for the period
    5,000 currency units/period, ex tax
    Average turns per service
    2 turns
    Contribution before fixed cost
    18,000 money
    Profit after fixed period cost
    13,000 money

    Engine result: 30 money

  6. Contribution before fixed cost

    contributionBeforeFixedCostExTax = planned covers ร— contribution per guest
    Planned occupied seat-turns
    0.75 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied
    Average spend per guest
    50 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Variable cost per guest
    20 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Planned covers
    600 units
    Planned revenue
    30,000 money
    Contribution per guest
    30 money

    Engine result: 18,000 money

  7. Profit after fixed period cost

    profitAfterFixedCostExTax = contribution before fixed cost โˆ’ fixed period cost
    Variable cost per guest
    20 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Fixed cost for the period
    5,000 currency units/period, ex tax
    Contribution per guest
    30 money
    Contribution before fixed cost
    18,000 money

    Engine result: 13,000 money

  8. Break-even occupied seat-turns

    breakEvenOccupancyRate = fixed period cost / (available seat-turn capacity ร— contribution per guest)
    Tables available
    10 tables
    Planned occupied seat-turns
    0.75 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied
    Average spend per guest
    50 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Variable cost per guest
    20 currency units/guest, ex tax
    Fixed cost for the period
    5,000 currency units/period, ex tax
    Available seat-turn capacity
    800 units
    Contribution per guest
    30 money
    Contribution before fixed cost
    18,000 money
    Profit after fixed period cost
    13,000 money
    Break-even capacity status
    Yes status

    Engine result: 0.208333 percent

  9. Break-even capacity status

    breakEvenFeasible = break-even occupied seat-turns is no greater than available capacity
    Tables available
    10 tables
    Planned occupied seat-turns
    0.75 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied
    Average turns per service
    2 turns
    Available seat-turn capacity
    800 units
    Break-even occupied seat-turns
    0.208333 percent

    Engine result: Yes status

Example

The labelled rows below are formatted directly from the exact engine using the visible default inputs.

Average turns per service
2 turns
Available seat-turn capacity
800
Planned covers
600
Planned revenue
30,000 currency units
Contribution per guest
30 currency units
Contribution before fixed cost
18,000 currency units
Profit after fixed period cost
13,000 currency units
Break-even occupied seat-turns
20.8%
Break-even capacity status
Within available capacity

The profit after fixed period cost is 13,000 currency units.

Interpretation

Use the capacity model to understand the operational drivers of covers and contribution, not as a demand forecast.

3. Validation and boundary checks

  • All inputs must be finite and remain inside the visible validation boundaries.
  • Whole-count fields reject fractional table, seat, service, capacity or transaction counts where specified.
  • Revenue per unit must exceed variable cost per unit when a positive fixed cost must be recovered.
  • Occupancy and variable-cost rates remain inside the closed range from 0% to 100%.
  • A required occupancy above 100% is reported as outside available capacity, not hidden or capped.
Tables available minimum
tableCount โ‰ฅ 1 tables โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Tables available maximum
tableCount โ‰ค 100,000 tables โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Average seats per table minimum
seatsPerTable โ‰ฅ 1 seats/table โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Average seats per table maximum
seatsPerTable โ‰ค 1,000 seats/table โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Service periods minimum
servicePeriods โ‰ฅ 1 services/period โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Service periods maximum
servicePeriods โ‰ค 100,000 services/period โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Minutes per service minimum
serviceMinutes โ‰ฅ 1 minutes/service โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Minutes per service maximum
serviceMinutes โ‰ค 10,080 minutes/service โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Average seating duration minimum
averageSeatingMinutes โ‰ฅ 1 minutes/seating โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Average seating duration maximum
averageSeatingMinutes โ‰ค 10,080 minutes/seating โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Planned occupied seat-turns minimum
occupancyRate โ‰ฅ 0 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Planned occupied seat-turns maximum
occupancyRate โ‰ค 1 proportion of available seat-turn capacity occupied โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Average spend per guest minimum
averageSpendPerGuestExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/guest, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Average spend per guest maximum
averageSpendPerGuestExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/guest, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Variable cost per guest minimum
variableCostPerGuestExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/guest, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Variable cost per guest maximum
variableCostPerGuestExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/guest, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Fixed cost for the period minimum
fixedPeriodCostExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/period, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Fixed cost for the period maximum
fixedPeriodCostExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/period, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.

4. Assumptions and source classification

  • All capacity, occupancy, duration, volume, price and cost values are supplied by the user.
  • Money inputs use one consistent ex-tax basis and all records refer to the same operating period.
  • Proposed occupancy, transaction count and average transaction value are scenarios, not forecasts.
  • The engine retains raw precision and display formatting never feeds back into calculation.
  • No jurisdiction, provider fee, industry benchmark or current policy value is embedded.

This planner has no current policy-data dependency. Its commercial assumptions are user supplied. Registered family-level regression suites exercise the shared business-logic engine and worked-result reconciliation.

5. Limitations

  • Results depend on comparable service, capacity and commercial records for the selected period.
  • The model does not forecast demand, customer behaviour, no-shows, service quality or capacity disruption.
  • Average values can conceal day-part, product-mix, party-size and channel differences.
  • The planner does not replace operational, accounting, tax, legal or financial advice.

This is educational decision support, not tax, accounting, legal or financial advice. Check the treatment of your actual transactions under the rules that apply to your business and seek qualified advice where appropriate.

6. Update and evidence policy

Registered family-level suites test formula invariants and example reconciliation; the release ledger records that coverage without claiming a separate oracle for every line of public copy. There is no official threshold or benchmark to refresh for this planner. Commercial inputs remain user-supplied because they vary by business and contract.

Change history

  1. : Initial public release of the Table Turnover and Revenue planner and methodology.

Guides to interpret the decision and its assumptions.

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