Methodology
Quality Failure Cost Planner methodology
Educational only: Business decision support, not accounting, tax or legal advice.
Privacy: Calculations run locally; Margin101 does not receive your commercial inputs.
Update policy: Reviewed when formulas or official dependencies change.
Scope: Market-neutral small-business planning using your own assumptions.
1. Formulas and units
currentFailures = produced units ร current failure rateWhere
- producedUnits
- Produced units (units/period)Source: Business record
- failureRate
- Current failure rate (decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%))Source: Business record
- currentFailures
- Current failed units (units)Source: Calculated output
proposedFailures = produced units ร proposed failure rateWhere
- producedUnits
- Produced units (units/period)Source: Business record
- failureRate
- Current failure rate (decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%))Source: Business record
- proposedFailureRate
- Proposed failure rate (decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%))Source: User decision
- proposedFailures
- Proposed failed units (units)Source: Calculated output
currentFailureCost = current failed units ร (scrap cost + rework hours ร loaded labour rate + warranty cost โ recovered value)Where
- failureRate
- Current failure rate (decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%))Source: Business record
- scrapCostPerFailure
- Scrap cost per failure (currency units/failed unit, ex tax)Source: Business record
- reworkHoursPerFailure
- Rework hours per failure (hours/failure)Source: Business record
- loadedLabourRate
- Loaded labour cost per hour (currency units/rework hour, ex tax)Source: Business record
- warrantyCostPerFailure
- Warranty cost per failure (currency units/failed unit, ex tax)Source: Business record
- recoveredValuePerFailure
- Recovered value per failure (currency units/failed unit, ex tax)Source: Business record
- currentFailures
- Current failed units (units)Source: Calculated output
- currentFailureCost
- Current quality failure cost (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
proposedFailureCost = proposed failed units ร (scrap cost + rework hours ร loaded labour rate + warranty cost โ recovered value)Where
- failureRate
- Current failure rate (decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%))Source: Business record
- scrapCostPerFailure
- Scrap cost per failure (currency units/failed unit, ex tax)Source: Business record
- reworkHoursPerFailure
- Rework hours per failure (hours/failure)Source: Business record
- loadedLabourRate
- Loaded labour cost per hour (currency units/rework hour, ex tax)Source: Business record
- warrantyCostPerFailure
- Warranty cost per failure (currency units/failed unit, ex tax)Source: Business record
- recoveredValuePerFailure
- Recovered value per failure (currency units/failed unit, ex tax)Source: Business record
- proposedFailureRate
- Proposed failure rate (decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%))Source: User decision
- proposedFailures
- Proposed failed units (units)Source: Calculated output
- proposedFailureCost
- Proposed quality failure cost (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
programmeBenefit = maximum prevention spend โ prevention programme costWhere
- preventionProgrammeCost
- Prevention programme cost (currency units/decision period, ex tax)Source: User decision
- programmeBenefit
- Quality programme benefit (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
- maximumPreventionSpend
- Maximum affordable prevention spend (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
maximumPreventionSpend = current quality failure cost โ proposed quality failure costWhere
- currentFailureCost
- Current quality failure cost (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
- proposedFailureCost
- Proposed quality failure cost (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
- maximumPreventionSpend
- Maximum affordable prevention spend (currency units, ex tax)Source: Calculated output
Money inputs and outputs use the currency selected in the scenario without changing the canonical methodology. Rates, margins, utilisation and buffers are entered as percentages and converted to decimal values for calculation.
2. Worked example
Input assumptions
The labelled rows below are formatted directly from the exact shared engine using the visible default inputs.
- Produced units
- 1,000 units/period
- Current failure rate
- 0.05 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Scrap cost per failure
- 20 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Rework hours per failure
- 1.5 hours/failure
- Loaded labour cost per hour
- 30 currency units/rework hour, ex tax
- Warranty cost per failure
- 10 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Recovered value per failure
- 5 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Prevention programme cost
- 500 currency units/decision period, ex tax
- Proposed failure rate
- 0.02 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
Calculation and outputs
Current failed units
currentFailures = produced units ร current failure rate- Produced units
- 1,000 units/period
- Current failure rate
- 0.05 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Scrap cost per failure
- 20 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Rework hours per failure
- 1.5 hours/failure
- Loaded labour cost per hour
- 30 currency units/rework hour, ex tax
- Warranty cost per failure
- 10 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Recovered value per failure
- 5 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Proposed failure rate
- 0.02 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Current quality failure cost
- 3,500 money
- Proposed quality failure cost
- 1,400 money
Engine result: 50 units
Proposed failed units
proposedFailures = produced units ร proposed failure rate- Produced units
- 1,000 units/period
- Current failure rate
- 0.05 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Scrap cost per failure
- 20 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Rework hours per failure
- 1.5 hours/failure
- Loaded labour cost per hour
- 30 currency units/rework hour, ex tax
- Warranty cost per failure
- 10 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Recovered value per failure
- 5 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Proposed failure rate
- 0.02 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Current quality failure cost
- 3,500 money
- Proposed quality failure cost
- 1,400 money
Engine result: 20 units
Current quality failure cost
currentFailureCost = current failed units ร (scrap cost + rework hours ร loaded labour rate + warranty cost โ recovered value)- Current failure rate
- 0.05 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Scrap cost per failure
- 20 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Rework hours per failure
- 1.5 hours/failure
- Loaded labour cost per hour
- 30 currency units/rework hour, ex tax
- Warranty cost per failure
- 10 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Recovered value per failure
- 5 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Prevention programme cost
- 500 currency units/decision period, ex tax
- Proposed failure rate
- 0.02 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Current failed units
- 50 units
- Proposed failed units
- 20 units
- Proposed quality failure cost
- 1,400 money
Engine result: 3,500 money
Proposed quality failure cost
proposedFailureCost = proposed failed units ร (scrap cost + rework hours ร loaded labour rate + warranty cost โ recovered value)- Current failure rate
- 0.05 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Scrap cost per failure
- 20 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Rework hours per failure
- 1.5 hours/failure
- Loaded labour cost per hour
- 30 currency units/rework hour, ex tax
- Warranty cost per failure
- 10 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Recovered value per failure
- 5 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Prevention programme cost
- 500 currency units/decision period, ex tax
- Proposed failure rate
- 0.02 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Current failed units
- 50 units
- Proposed failed units
- 20 units
- Current quality failure cost
- 3,500 money
Engine result: 1,400 money
Quality programme benefit
programmeBenefit = maximum prevention spend โ prevention programme cost- Scrap cost per failure
- 20 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Loaded labour cost per hour
- 30 currency units/rework hour, ex tax
- Warranty cost per failure
- 10 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Prevention programme cost
- 500 currency units/decision period, ex tax
- Current quality failure cost
- 3,500 money
- Proposed quality failure cost
- 1,400 money
- Maximum affordable prevention spend
- 2,100 money
Engine result: 1,600 money
Maximum affordable prevention spend
maximumPreventionSpend = current quality failure cost โ proposed quality failure cost- Current failure rate
- 0.05 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Scrap cost per failure
- 20 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Rework hours per failure
- 1.5 hours/failure
- Loaded labour cost per hour
- 30 currency units/rework hour, ex tax
- Warranty cost per failure
- 10 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Recovered value per failure
- 5 currency units/failed unit, ex tax
- Prevention programme cost
- 500 currency units/decision period, ex tax
- Proposed failure rate
- 0.02 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)
- Current failed units
- 50 units
- Proposed failed units
- 20 units
- Current quality failure cost
- 3,500 money
- Proposed quality failure cost
- 1,400 money
- Quality programme benefit
- 1,600 money
Engine result: 2,100 money
Example
The labelled rows below are formatted directly from the exact shared engine using the visible default inputs.
- Current failed units
- 50 units
- Proposed failed units
- 20 units
- Current quality failure cost
- 3,500.00
- Proposed quality failure cost
- 1,400.00
- Quality programme benefit
- 1,600.00
- Maximum affordable prevention spend
- 2,100.00
The quality programme benefit is 1,600.00.
Interpretation
Keep prevention and appraisal separate from internal and external failure so the cost-of-quality reconciliation stays auditable.
3. Validation and boundary checks
- All inputs must be finite and remain inside the visible non-negative validation boundaries.
- Capacity and demand fields that represent physical units reject fractional values where the engine requires whole units.
- Rates remain inside the closed range from 0% to 100%.
- Unreachable contribution, crossover or payback thresholds return an explicit unavailable state rather than Infinity.
- Option comparisons reject an infeasible option when its entered capacity is below the required workload.
- Produced units minimum
producedUnits โฅ 0 units/periodโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Produced units maximum
producedUnits โค 100,000,000 units/periodโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Current failure rate minimum
failureRate โฅ 0 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)โ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Current failure rate maximum
failureRate โค 1 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)โ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Scrap cost per failure minimum
scrapCostPerFailure โฅ 0 currency units/failed unit, ex taxโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Scrap cost per failure maximum
scrapCostPerFailure โค 10,000,000 currency units/failed unit, ex taxโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Rework hours per failure minimum
reworkHoursPerFailure โฅ 0 hours/failureโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Rework hours per failure maximum
reworkHoursPerFailure โค 100,000,000 hours/failureโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Loaded labour cost per hour minimum
loadedLabourRate โฅ 0 currency units/rework hour, ex taxโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Loaded labour cost per hour maximum
loadedLabourRate โค 10,000,000 currency units/rework hour, ex taxโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Warranty cost per failure minimum
warrantyCostPerFailure โฅ 0 currency units/failed unit, ex taxโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Warranty cost per failure maximum
warrantyCostPerFailure โค 10,000,000 currency units/failed unit, ex taxโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Recovered value per failure minimum
recoveredValuePerFailure โฅ 0 currency units/failed unit, ex taxโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Recovered value per failure maximum
recoveredValuePerFailure โค 10,000,000 currency units/failed unit, ex taxโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Prevention programme cost minimum
preventionProgrammeCost โฅ 0 currency units/decision period, ex taxโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Prevention programme cost maximum
preventionProgrammeCost โค 10,000,000 currency units/decision period, ex taxโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Proposed failure rate minimum
proposedFailureRate โฅ 0 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)โ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Proposed failure rate maximum
proposedFailureRate โค 1 decimal fraction of produced units (1 = 100%)โ A higher value is rejected before calculation.
4. Assumptions and source classification
- All operating volumes, rates, workload, capacity, time, cost and contribution values are supplied by the user.
- Money inputs use one consistent ex-tax basis and every record refers to the same operating period.
- Demand realisation, recovery, hours saved and expected unit rates are scenarios, not forecasts or benchmarks.
- Committed sunk cost is disclosed but excluded from make, buy, outsource and hire incremental economics.
- The shared engine retains raw precision and display formatting never feeds back into calculation.
This planner has no current policy-data dependency. Its commercial assumptions are user supplied. Registered family-level regression suites exercise the shared business-logic engine and worked-result reconciliation.
5. Limitations
- Results depend on complete and comparable incremental cost, capacity and operating records.
- The model does not forecast demand, service quality, employee performance, supplier reliability or disruption duration.
- A positive result or short payback does not establish implementation feasibility or guarantee a commercial outcome.
- The planner does not replace operational, accounting, tax, legal or financial advice.
This is educational decision support, not tax, accounting, legal or financial advice. Check the treatment of your actual transactions under the rules that apply to your business and seek qualified advice where appropriate.
6. Update and evidence policy
Registered family-level suites test formula invariants and example reconciliation; the release ledger records that coverage without claiming a separate oracle for every line of public copy. There is no official threshold or benchmark to refresh for this planner. Commercial inputs remain user-supplied because they vary by business and contract.
Change history
- : Initial public release of the planner and methodology after pre-launch calculation, content, source and interaction review.
Related reading
Guides to interpret the decision and its assumptions.
- Scrap, Yield and Rework: The True Unit-Cost Bridge
Bridge input cost to accepted output by separating scrap, yield loss and rework without double-counting failure cost.
Read guide