Methodology
Unassigned Capacity Cost Planner methodology
Educational only: Business decision support, not accounting, tax or legal advice.
Privacy: Calculations run locally; Margin101 does not receive your commercial inputs.
Update policy: Reviewed when formulas or official dependencies change.
Scope: Market-neutral small-business planning using your own assumptions.
1. Formulas and units
benchHours = paid hours โ billable hoursWhere
- paidHours
- Paid hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
- billableHours
- Billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
- benchHours
- Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
avoidableBenchHours = bench hours โ unavoidable non-billable hoursWhere
- billableHours
- Billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
- unavoidableNonBillableHours
- Unavoidable non-billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: User decision
- benchHours
- Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
- avoidableBenchHours
- Avoidable bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
benchCostExTax = bench hours ร loaded cost per paid hourWhere
- paidHours
- Paid hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
- loadedCostPerPaidHourExTax
- Loaded cost per paid hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: Business record
- benchHours
- Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
- benchCostExTax
- Bench cost (money)Source: Calculated output
utilisationRate = billable hours รท paid hoursWhere
- paidHours
- Paid hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
- billableHours
- Billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
- utilisationRate
- Billable utilisation (percent)Source: Calculated output
foregoneRevenueExTax = avoidable bench hours ร billing rate per hourWhere
- billingRatePerHourExTax
- Billing rate per hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: User assumption
- benchHours
- Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
- avoidableBenchHours
- Avoidable bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
- foregoneRevenueExTax
- Foregone revenue capacity (money)Source: Calculated output
Money inputs and outputs use the currency selected in the scenario without changing the canonical methodology. Rates, margins, utilisation and buffers are entered as percentages and converted to decimal values for calculation.
2. Worked example
Input assumptions
Worked values below come from the same exact engine and visible default assumptions.
- Paid hours
- 1,000 paid hours/selected period
- Billable hours
- 600 billable hours/selected period
- Loaded cost per paid hour
- 50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
- Billing rate per hour
- 120 currency units/billable hour, ex tax
- Unavoidable non-billable hours
- 100 non-billable hours/selected period
Calculation and outputs
Bench hours
benchHours = paid hours โ billable hours- Paid hours
- 1,000 paid hours/selected period
- Billable hours
- 600 billable hours/selected period
- Loaded cost per paid hour
- 50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
- Unavoidable non-billable hours
- 100 non-billable hours/selected period
- Avoidable bench hours
- 300 hours
- Billable utilisation
- 0.6 percent
Engine result: 400 hours
Avoidable bench hours
avoidableBenchHours = bench hours โ unavoidable non-billable hours- Paid hours
- 1,000 paid hours/selected period
- Billable hours
- 600 billable hours/selected period
- Unavoidable non-billable hours
- 100 non-billable hours/selected period
- Bench hours
- 400 hours
- Bench cost
- 20,000 money
- Billable utilisation
- 0.6 percent
Engine result: 300 hours
Bench cost
benchCostExTax = bench hours ร loaded cost per paid hour- Paid hours
- 1,000 paid hours/selected period
- Billable hours
- 600 billable hours/selected period
- Loaded cost per paid hour
- 50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
- Billing rate per hour
- 120 currency units/billable hour, ex tax
- Unavoidable non-billable hours
- 100 non-billable hours/selected period
- Bench hours
- 400 hours
- Avoidable bench hours
- 300 hours
Engine result: 20,000 money
Billable utilisation
utilisationRate = billable hours รท paid hours- Paid hours
- 1,000 paid hours/selected period
- Billable hours
- 600 billable hours/selected period
- Loaded cost per paid hour
- 50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
- Unavoidable non-billable hours
- 100 non-billable hours/selected period
- Bench hours
- 400 hours
- Avoidable bench hours
- 300 hours
Engine result: 0.6 percent
Foregone revenue capacity
foregoneRevenueExTax = avoidable bench hours ร billing rate per hour- Paid hours
- 1,000 paid hours/selected period
- Billable hours
- 600 billable hours/selected period
- Loaded cost per paid hour
- 50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
- Billing rate per hour
- 120 currency units/billable hour, ex tax
- Unavoidable non-billable hours
- 100 non-billable hours/selected period
- Bench hours
- 400 hours
- Avoidable bench hours
- 300 hours
- Bench cost
- 20,000 money
- Billable utilisation
- 0.6 percent
Engine result: 36,000 money
Example
Worked values below come from the same exact engine and visible default assumptions.
- Bench hours
- 400 hours
- Avoidable bench hours
- 300 hours
- Bench cost
- 20,000.00 currency units
- Billable utilisation
- 60%
- Foregone revenue capacity
- 36,000.00 currency units
The exact engine-derived outputs are shown in the labelled rows below.
Interpretation
Use bench cost to quantify paid idle capacity and treat foregone revenue only as user-entered capacity value.
3. Validation and boundary checks
- Billable hours cannot exceed paid hours.
- Unavoidable non-billable hours cannot exceed total bench hours.
- Bench and avoidable hours reconcile before cost and capacity value are applied.
- Zero paid hours returns zero utilisation rather than Infinity or NaN.
- Paid hours minimum
paidHours โฅ 0 paid hours/selected periodโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Paid hours maximum
paidHours โค 100,000,000 paid hours/selected periodโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Billable hours minimum
billableHours โฅ 0 billable hours/selected periodโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Billable hours maximum
billableHours โค 100,000,000 billable hours/selected periodโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Loaded cost per paid hour minimum
loadedCostPerPaidHourExTax โฅ 0 currency units/paid hour, ex taxโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Loaded cost per paid hour maximum
loadedCostPerPaidHourExTax โค 10,000,000 currency units/paid hour, ex taxโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Billing rate per hour minimum
billingRatePerHourExTax โฅ 0 currency units/billable hour, ex taxโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Billing rate per hour maximum
billingRatePerHourExTax โค 10,000,000 currency units/billable hour, ex taxโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.- Unavoidable non-billable hours minimum
unavoidableNonBillableHours โฅ 0 non-billable hours/selected periodโ A lower value is rejected before calculation.- Unavoidable non-billable hours maximum
unavoidableNonBillableHours โค 100,000,000 non-billable hours/selected periodโ A higher value is rejected before calculation.
4. Assumptions and source classification
- Paid, billable and unavoidable hours describe the same operating period.
- Billing rate values avoidable capacity; it does not forecast demand or sales.
- A component table is used; the later per-row authority explicitly approves no chart.
This planner has no current policy-data dependency. Its commercial assumptions are user supplied. Registered family-level regression suites exercise the shared business-logic engine and worked-result reconciliation.
5. Limitations
- Foregone revenue is capacity value and may not be recoverable through actual customer demand.
- It does not replace accounting, operational or financial advice.
This is educational decision support, not tax, accounting, legal or financial advice. Check the treatment of your actual transactions under the rules that apply to your business and seek qualified advice where appropriate.
6. Update and evidence policy
Registered family-level suites test formula invariants and example reconciliation; the release ledger records that coverage without claiming a separate oracle for every line of public copy. There is no official threshold or benchmark to refresh for this planner. Commercial inputs remain user-supplied because they vary by business and contract.
Change history
- : Initial public release of the planner and methodology after pre-launch calculation, content, source and interaction review.
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