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Methodology

Unassigned Capacity Cost Planner methodology

Reconcile paid and billable capacity, then quantify bench cost and the user-entered revenue capacity attached to avoidable hours.

Educational only: Business decision support, not accounting, tax or legal advice.

Privacy: Calculations run locally; Margin101 does not receive your commercial inputs.

Update policy: Reviewed when formulas or official dependencies change.

Scope: Market-neutral small-business planning using your own assumptions.

1. Formulas and units

Bench hours
benchHours = paid hours โˆ’ billable hours

Where

paidHours
Paid hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
billableHours
Billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
benchHours
Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
Avoidable bench hours
avoidableBenchHours = bench hours โˆ’ unavoidable non-billable hours

Where

billableHours
Billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
unavoidableNonBillableHours
Unavoidable non-billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: User decision
benchHours
Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
avoidableBenchHours
Avoidable bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
Bench cost
benchCostExTax = bench hours ร— loaded cost per paid hour

Where

paidHours
Paid hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
loadedCostPerPaidHourExTax
Loaded cost per paid hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: Business record
benchHours
Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
benchCostExTax
Bench cost (money)Source: Calculated output
Billable utilisation
utilisationRate = billable hours รท paid hours

Where

paidHours
Paid hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
billableHours
Billable hours (hours or hours per person)Source: Business record
utilisationRate
Billable utilisation (percent)Source: Calculated output
Foregone revenue capacity
foregoneRevenueExTax = avoidable bench hours ร— billing rate per hour

Where

billingRatePerHourExTax
Billing rate per hour (currency units on one consistent basis)Source: User assumption
benchHours
Bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
avoidableBenchHours
Avoidable bench hours (hours)Source: Calculated output
foregoneRevenueExTax
Foregone revenue capacity (money)Source: Calculated output

Money inputs and outputs use the currency selected in the scenario without changing the canonical methodology. Rates, margins, utilisation and buffers are entered as percentages and converted to decimal values for calculation.

2. Worked example

Input assumptions

Worked values below come from the same exact engine and visible default assumptions.

Paid hours
1,000 paid hours/selected period
Billable hours
600 billable hours/selected period
Loaded cost per paid hour
50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
Billing rate per hour
120 currency units/billable hour, ex tax
Unavoidable non-billable hours
100 non-billable hours/selected period

Calculation and outputs

  1. Bench hours

    benchHours = paid hours โˆ’ billable hours
    Paid hours
    1,000 paid hours/selected period
    Billable hours
    600 billable hours/selected period
    Loaded cost per paid hour
    50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
    Unavoidable non-billable hours
    100 non-billable hours/selected period
    Avoidable bench hours
    300 hours
    Billable utilisation
    0.6 percent

    Engine result: 400 hours

  2. Avoidable bench hours

    avoidableBenchHours = bench hours โˆ’ unavoidable non-billable hours
    Paid hours
    1,000 paid hours/selected period
    Billable hours
    600 billable hours/selected period
    Unavoidable non-billable hours
    100 non-billable hours/selected period
    Bench hours
    400 hours
    Bench cost
    20,000 money
    Billable utilisation
    0.6 percent

    Engine result: 300 hours

  3. Bench cost

    benchCostExTax = bench hours ร— loaded cost per paid hour
    Paid hours
    1,000 paid hours/selected period
    Billable hours
    600 billable hours/selected period
    Loaded cost per paid hour
    50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
    Billing rate per hour
    120 currency units/billable hour, ex tax
    Unavoidable non-billable hours
    100 non-billable hours/selected period
    Bench hours
    400 hours
    Avoidable bench hours
    300 hours

    Engine result: 20,000 money

  4. Billable utilisation

    utilisationRate = billable hours รท paid hours
    Paid hours
    1,000 paid hours/selected period
    Billable hours
    600 billable hours/selected period
    Loaded cost per paid hour
    50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
    Unavoidable non-billable hours
    100 non-billable hours/selected period
    Bench hours
    400 hours
    Avoidable bench hours
    300 hours

    Engine result: 0.6 percent

  5. Foregone revenue capacity

    foregoneRevenueExTax = avoidable bench hours ร— billing rate per hour
    Paid hours
    1,000 paid hours/selected period
    Billable hours
    600 billable hours/selected period
    Loaded cost per paid hour
    50 currency units/paid hour, ex tax
    Billing rate per hour
    120 currency units/billable hour, ex tax
    Unavoidable non-billable hours
    100 non-billable hours/selected period
    Bench hours
    400 hours
    Avoidable bench hours
    300 hours
    Bench cost
    20,000 money
    Billable utilisation
    0.6 percent

    Engine result: 36,000 money

Example

Worked values below come from the same exact engine and visible default assumptions.

Bench hours
400 hours
Avoidable bench hours
300 hours
Bench cost
20,000.00 currency units
Billable utilisation
60%
Foregone revenue capacity
36,000.00 currency units

The exact engine-derived outputs are shown in the labelled rows below.

Interpretation

Use bench cost to quantify paid idle capacity and treat foregone revenue only as user-entered capacity value.

3. Validation and boundary checks

  • Billable hours cannot exceed paid hours.
  • Unavoidable non-billable hours cannot exceed total bench hours.
  • Bench and avoidable hours reconcile before cost and capacity value are applied.
  • Zero paid hours returns zero utilisation rather than Infinity or NaN.
Paid hours minimum
paidHours โ‰ฅ 0 paid hours/selected period โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Paid hours maximum
paidHours โ‰ค 100,000,000 paid hours/selected period โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Billable hours minimum
billableHours โ‰ฅ 0 billable hours/selected period โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Billable hours maximum
billableHours โ‰ค 100,000,000 billable hours/selected period โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Loaded cost per paid hour minimum
loadedCostPerPaidHourExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/paid hour, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Loaded cost per paid hour maximum
loadedCostPerPaidHourExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/paid hour, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Billing rate per hour minimum
billingRatePerHourExTax โ‰ฅ 0 currency units/billable hour, ex tax โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Billing rate per hour maximum
billingRatePerHourExTax โ‰ค 10,000,000 currency units/billable hour, ex tax โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.
Unavoidable non-billable hours minimum
unavoidableNonBillableHours โ‰ฅ 0 non-billable hours/selected period โ€” A lower value is rejected before calculation.
Unavoidable non-billable hours maximum
unavoidableNonBillableHours โ‰ค 100,000,000 non-billable hours/selected period โ€” A higher value is rejected before calculation.

4. Assumptions and source classification

  • Paid, billable and unavoidable hours describe the same operating period.
  • Billing rate values avoidable capacity; it does not forecast demand or sales.
  • A component table is used; the later per-row authority explicitly approves no chart.

This planner has no current policy-data dependency. Its commercial assumptions are user supplied. Registered family-level regression suites exercise the shared business-logic engine and worked-result reconciliation.

5. Limitations

  • Foregone revenue is capacity value and may not be recoverable through actual customer demand.
  • It does not replace accounting, operational or financial advice.

This is educational decision support, not tax, accounting, legal or financial advice. Check the treatment of your actual transactions under the rules that apply to your business and seek qualified advice where appropriate.

6. Update and evidence policy

Registered family-level suites test formula invariants and example reconciliation; the release ledger records that coverage without claiming a separate oracle for every line of public copy. There is no official threshold or benchmark to refresh for this planner. Commercial inputs remain user-supplied because they vary by business and contract.

Change history

  1. : Initial public release of the planner and methodology after pre-launch calculation, content, source and interaction review.

Guides to interpret the decision and its assumptions.

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