{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "assetId": "nz-aes-size-band-economics-2025",
  "title": "New Zealand small-business industry and employee-size economics, 2025",
  "locale": "en-nz",
  "market": "nz",
  "coverage": "Stats NZ Annual Enterprise Survey 2025 financial-year provisional aggregates for ANZSIC06 divisions E, G, H, M, N and S and rolling-mean-employee bands 0, 1–5 and 6–9; 18 normalized rows.",
  "methodology": {
    "sourceRelease": "Annual enterprise survey: 2025 financial year (provisional)",
    "sourceReleaseDate": "2026-06-25",
    "sourceStatus": "provisional",
    "selection": "Select the 2025 rows for Construction; Retail Trade; Accommodation and Food Services; Professional, Scientific and Technical Services; Administrative and Support Services; and Other Services, limited to source size-band codes a_0, b_1-5 and c_6-9.",
    "units": "Activity units and rolling mean employees are counts. All financial values are source-published NZD millions.",
    "derivations": [
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio = operating profit before tax / total income",
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio = salaries and wages paid / sales, government funding, grants and subsidies"
    ],
    "rounding": "Derived ratios are rounded half away from zero to four decimal places."
  },
  "limitations": [
    "The 2025 release is provisional. Stats NZ states that the 2023 and 2024 series in the source CSV were revised; later releases may revise these 2025 values.",
    "The selected six ANZSIC06 divisions and three employee-size bands are a bounded decision-support subset, not a representative cross-section of every New Zealand industry or every AES business.",
    "The a_0 band records zero rolling mean employees. It does not prove that no person works in an activity unit: working proprietors and other non-employee labour are outside this employee-count measure, and rolling mean employment is a twelve-month average.",
    "The source measure named sales includes government funding, grants and subsidies. The wage-intensity ratio is therefore not a pure wages-to-customer-sales ratio.",
    "Rows are aggregate industry-size totals, not medians, distributions or matched-peer benchmarks. Do not treat a ratio as a target margin, recommended wage budget or prediction for an individual business.",
    "Operating profit before tax is used exactly as published and is not reconstructed as total income minus total expenditure.",
    "No inflation, seasonal, population-composition or firm-mix adjustment is applied."
  ],
  "licence": "This work is based on Stats NZ data, which is licensed by Stats NZ for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. Margin101 selected rows and calculated the two ratios; Stats NZ does not endorse this adaptation.",
  "officialSources": [
    {
      "authority": "Stats NZ Tatauranga Aotearoa",
      "title": "Annual enterprise survey: 2025 financial year (provisional) – size bands CSV",
      "url": "https://www.stats.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Annual-enterprise-survey/Annual-enterprise-survey-2025-financial-year-provisional/Download-data/annual-enterprise-survey-2025-financial-year-provisional-size-bands.csv"
    },
    {
      "authority": "Stats NZ Tatauranga Aotearoa",
      "title": "Annual enterprise survey: 2025 financial year (provisional)",
      "url": "https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/annual-enterprise-survey-2025-financial-year-provisional/"
    },
    {
      "authority": "Stats NZ Tatauranga Aotearoa",
      "title": "Annual Enterprise Survey methodology and limitations",
      "url": "https://datainfoplus.stats.govt.nz/item/nz.govt.stats/36809771-984d-4e6b-89a1-576f2118b05b"
    },
    {
      "authority": "Stats NZ Tatauranga Aotearoa",
      "title": "Stats NZ copyright and attribution terms",
      "url": "https://www.stats.govt.nz/about-us/copyright/"
    }
  ],
  "rows": [
    {
      "industryCode": "E",
      "industryName": "Construction",
      "sizeBand": "a_0",
      "sizeBandLabel": "0 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 49782,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 0,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 19534,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 17951,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 1828,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 2095,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 19179,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0936,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.1092
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "E",
      "industryName": "Construction",
      "sizeBand": "b_1-5",
      "sizeBandLabel": "1–5 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 23283,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 45909,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 16700,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 15659,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 1127,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 3880,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 16474,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0675,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.2355
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "E",
      "industryName": "Construction",
      "sizeBand": "c_6-9",
      "sizeBandLabel": "6–9 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 3657,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 25881,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 8446,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 7924,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 570,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 1940,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 8394,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0675,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.2311
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "G",
      "industryName": "Retail Trade",
      "sizeBand": "a_0",
      "sizeBandLabel": "0 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 14046,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 0,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 7617,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 6900,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 635,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 514,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 7437,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0834,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.0691
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "G",
      "industryName": "Retail Trade",
      "sizeBand": "b_1-5",
      "sizeBandLabel": "1–5 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 10050,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 23061,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 10075,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 9666,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 161,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 1359,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 9983,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.016,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.1361
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "G",
      "industryName": "Retail Trade",
      "sizeBand": "c_6-9",
      "sizeBandLabel": "6–9 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 2235,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 16113,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 5814,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 5621,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 175,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 855,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 5781,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0301,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.1479
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "H",
      "industryName": "Accommodation and Food Services",
      "sizeBand": "a_0",
      "sizeBandLabel": "0 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 9633,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 0,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 2244,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 1972,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 224,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 322,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 2097,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0998,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.1536
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "H",
      "industryName": "Accommodation and Food Services",
      "sizeBand": "b_1-5",
      "sizeBandLabel": "1–5 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 8592,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 22020,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 3356,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 3205,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 135,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 923,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 3304,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0402,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.2794
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "H",
      "industryName": "Accommodation and Food Services",
      "sizeBand": "c_6-9",
      "sizeBandLabel": "6–9 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 3156,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 22803,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 2493,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 2396,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 89,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 831,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 2470,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0357,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.3364
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "M",
      "industryName": "Professional, Scientific and Technical Services",
      "sizeBand": "a_0",
      "sizeBandLabel": "0 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 51393,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 0,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 13275,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 10044,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 3121,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 2955,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 12746,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.2351,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.2318
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "M",
      "industryName": "Professional, Scientific and Technical Services",
      "sizeBand": "b_1-5",
      "sizeBandLabel": "1–5 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 13794,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 25668,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 7786,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 6664,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 1120,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 2554,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 7584,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.1438,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.3368
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "M",
      "industryName": "Professional, Scientific and Technical Services",
      "sizeBand": "c_6-9",
      "sizeBandLabel": "6–9 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 1953,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 14235,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 3492,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 3028,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 492,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 1265,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 3363,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.1409,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.3762
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "N",
      "industryName": "Administrative and Support Services",
      "sizeBand": "a_0",
      "sizeBandLabel": "0 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 14295,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 0,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 2665,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 2150,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 554,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 513,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 2563,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.2079,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.2002
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "N",
      "industryName": "Administrative and Support Services",
      "sizeBand": "b_1-5",
      "sizeBandLabel": "1–5 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 5607,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 10608,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 2092,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 1923,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 182,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 688,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 2035,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.087,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.3381
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "N",
      "industryName": "Administrative and Support Services",
      "sizeBand": "c_6-9",
      "sizeBandLabel": "6–9 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 783,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 5733,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 854,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 814,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 42,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 332,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 831,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0492,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.3995
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "S",
      "industryName": "Other Services",
      "sizeBand": "a_0",
      "sizeBandLabel": "0 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 14388,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 0,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 2520,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 2098,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 405,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 429,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 2114,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.1607,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.2029
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "S",
      "industryName": "Other Services",
      "sizeBand": "b_1-5",
      "sizeBandLabel": "1–5 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 9219,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 20814,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 4331,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 3885,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 357,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 1344,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 3915,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0824,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.3433
    },
    {
      "industryCode": "S",
      "industryName": "Other Services",
      "sizeBand": "c_6-9",
      "sizeBandLabel": "6–9 rolling mean employees",
      "activityUnits": 1950,
      "rollingMeanEmployees": 13830,
      "totalIncomeMillionNzd": 2423,
      "totalExpenditureMillionNzd": 2211,
      "operatingProfitBeforeTaxMillionNzd": 170,
      "salariesAndWagesPaidMillionNzd": 825,
      "salesFundingGrantsSubsidiesMillionNzd": 2187,
      "operatingProfitToTotalIncomeRatio": 0.0702,
      "wagesToSalesFundingGrantsSubsidiesRatio": 0.3772
    }
  ]
}